AC EV charger, commonly known as "home charging", are fixedly installed outside the electric vehicle and connected to the AC power grid. They are power supply devices that provide AC power to electric vehicle on-board battery chargers (i.e., battery chargers fixedly installed on electric vehicles). AC charging piles only provide power output and do not have charging functions. They need to be connected to an on-board battery charger to charge an electric vehicle. It is equivalent to just controlling the power supply.
The single-phase/three-phase alternating current output by the AC charging station is converted into direct current by the car charger to charge the vehicle battery. The power is generally small (7kw, 11kw, 22kw, etc.) and the charging speed is generally slow, so it is usually installed in the waiting area of the residential parking lot.

DC EV Charger, commonly known as "fast charging", is a power supply device that is fixedly installed outside an electric vehicle and connected to the AC power grid. It can provide DC power for off-board electric vehicle power batteries. The input voltage of the DC charging pile adopts three-phase four-wire AC 380 V±20%, frequency 50/60Hz, and the output is adjustable DC, which directly charges the power battery of the electric vehicle. Since the DC charging pile uses a three-phase four-wire system for power supply, it can provide sufficient power, and the output voltage and current can be adjusted in a wide range to meet fast charging requirements.
DC charging piles directly output DC power to charge the vehicle battery. They have larger powers (60kw, 120kw, 240kw or even higher) and faster charging speeds, so they are generally installed next to highways charging station ect.

EV charging stack refer to power clusters that convert alternating current into direct current. Corresponding charging piles need to be equipped as output terminals. The concept of charging stack emerged with the emergence of one-to-more charging mode. It is a form of efficiently utilizing power modules and rationally allocating charging power.
The characteristics of the EV charging stack are:
1. Power sharing: Concentrate all power in the charging cabinet, and each charging terminal can obtain the required power from this power pile.
2. Flexible charging: According to the charging requirements issued by the vehicle BMS, charging power is allocated on demand.
3. Smooth expansion: As the battery charging rate increases and the charging power demand increases, the power of the power stack can be expanded to meet the charging demand.
4. Energy saving and high efficiency: No matter what the charging demand is, it should be ensured that the charging equipment can work within the optimal load rate range